Engine.



,NO. 853,252. PATENTED MAY 14, 1907.

- L. MALUGEN.

ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN.22.1907.

a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

TTOR/VEYS No. 853,252. PATENTED MAY 1%, 1907.

L. MALUGEN.

ENGINE.

APPLIOATIONiIILED JAN.22.1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 1 A TTORNEYS No. 853,252. 'PATENTED MAY J14, 1907. L. MALUGEN.

ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 22.1907 V 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W1 TNESSES ,4 v By I 1 V I,

/ A TTOR/VE Y5 UNITED S A S TENT oFEicE.

LEVI MALUGEN, or CENTERVILLE, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ALLISON 1-1. LEATHERS, or DICKSON, TENNESSEE.

ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application filed J anuary '22, IQOLESerial No. 353,497-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEVIMALUGEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Centerville, in the county of Hickman and State of Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Engine, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to reciprocatory piston engines of the type wherein opposed pistons are employed, and the object is to provide for economy in the use of the motive a cylinder of varying length, the length being increased during the power stroke to the fullest capacity to give op ortunity for complete expansion and then eing shortened by the inward movement of the cylinder iston,

which is at the main inlet end of the cy inder, to shorten what may be termed the operative end of the cylinder prior to the inlet of the motive agent,

Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportions and minor details of construction may be resorted to Without departing from the s irit or sacrificing any of the advantages of ie invention.

- for convenience be termed the cylinder head exten inder head piston '2; In the construction In the drawings :Figure 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the different stages of the piston stroke.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts of the several figures.

In the cylinder 1 are arranged what shall pistons 2 and 3 and the intermediate piston 4, the dpiston rod 5 of the intermediate piston g through a stuffing box 6 in the cylillustrated the cranks 7 and 8, are arranged on quarters and are connected, respectively,

cylinder.

with the piston rod of the intermediate piston, and with the piston rod frame 9 of the cylinder head pistons by means of pitmen 10 and 11. .The piston rod frame consists of connected cross heads 12 from which extend rods 13 to the cylinder head piston 2, and

'rods 14 extending through guides 15 and connected to a cross head 16 which in turn carries the rod 17 of the cylinder head piston 3.

Thus the cylinder head pistons are connected for simultaneous movement in the same direction, although obviously the movements of the cylinder head pistons under all conditions will be in opposite directions with reference to the cylinder, inasmuch as the in: ward movement of one of the cylinder head pistons tending to shorten. the cylinder will be accom lished during the outward movement of t e other cylinder head piston tend-',

ing to lengthen the operative portion of the As, soon as the piston rods are in the position indicated in Fig. 1 in position to take the r steam through cylinder port '18 controlled by a the slide valve 19, which may be operated by.- i

any suitable mechanism, not specifically illustrated, the first operation due to the in let of the steam (or of the motive agent) will be to advance the intermediate piston which is just in position to-commence the power s'troke,.1 nasmuch as the crank to wh ch it 1s connected has passed the dead center and has made about a one-eighth revolution (see Figs.

2 and 3), while'the cylinder head pistons be-, 2 I i'ng connected with the crankrwhich has completed the power portion of its stroke and is about to pass the dead center, will remain approximately stationary. Of course, in

practice there will be some motion of these cylinder head pistons during this portion of the stroke, but the motion will be comparatively small and, therefore, substantially negligible for the purposes of this explanation.

The intermediate piston will advance for approximately one-half of its stroke, (although this distance may. bevaried to suit the conditions of load and otherwise under which the engine is operated), when by suit able mechanism (not shown), the steam:v

should be cut off to permit operation under expansion. Assu' ing thatat this point in the progress of the mechanism the cranks to which the cylinder head pistons are connected has passed the dead center and areabout to while the cylinder head piston 'from which the intermediate piston is travelin will re cede under the ex ansive force of the steam to the full limit the capacity of the cylinder. When the intermediate piston has reached the limit of its advance movement and hasmet the cylinder head piston toward which it was traveling, it will commence a backward or retro-grade movement followed by the cylinder head piston toward which it has been advancing, while the cylinder head piston from which the intermediate piston had been receding continues to exert power under the expansive force of the steam acting thereon, this motiori continuing until the cyl inder head pistonwhich is adjacent to, the intermediate piston has advanced sufficiently to cause registration of thespace between said pistons and'the cylinder port 20, whereupon the;oper'z ition-of the parts will be repeated in the reverse direction to that above described.

The advantage of this construction is that while, the cylinder head piston which has been acting under the expansive forceof the -steam has traveled to the full limit of the cyl inder so as to utilize the expansive force eflectively, the other cylinder head piston which is about to receive the eflect of .the motive agent due to the fact that the intermediate piston is inproximitythereto has moved inward so that on the inlet of the motive agent there is no considerable cylinder space to be filled'before the motive agent has its desired efiect upon the intermediate piston and the intermediate piston has moved to such an extent that its effect upon the crank or'other connection is about to 'commence the own stroke, or that portion of its travel w ich is the most effective in moving'the load. The cylinder head pistons and the intermediate piston operate alternately at their greatest efliciency.

It will be noted that the distance between cylinder, a pair 0 the two' ports 18 and 20 is less than the length of the stroke of the intermediate iston 4, so that the ports are in part contro led by said iston, and the valve may be opened full while the pistons are in the positions shown in Fig. 5. for instance, and-steam, or other actuating fluid cannot enter until the pistons have moved to the positions shownin Fig. 6, where there will be a full port opens .ing', and the steam will quickly fill the small space between the two pistons.

1 In an engine, a crank shaft havin a pair of cranks, a ported ,cylinder, a pair 0 cylinder head pistons connected to each other and to one of the cranks, and an intermediate pis ton connected to the other crank, the distance between the cylinder ports being lessthan thestroke of the intermediate piston,

and the-crankconnections being arranged to permit movement of the pistons alternately in the same and in opposite directions.

2. The combination in an engine,- of;a crank shaft-havin a air of cranks, a ported f eyiinder head istons rigidly connected to each other an to one of the cranks, and an intermediate piston connected tothe other crank, the inner ends of thegiylinder orts being under the controlof the"interme iate'- piston and being arranged at a distance-from each other less than the stroke of such intermediate piston, a steam chest provided with an exhaust port, the cyl inder ports also communicating with the steam chest, and a valve arranged insaid steam chest for controlling saidports.

3. An engine having a crank shaft, and a' pair of cranks, a cylinder provided with intermediate cylinder ports, a pair of cylinder head pistons connected to'each other and to one of the cranks, an intermediate piston connected to the other crank, the stroke of the intermediate piston being 'greaterthan the distance between said cylinder orts, the" crank connections of, the pistons eing arranged to transmit movement to the crank shaft alternately from the intermediate piston, and one ofthe cylinder head pistons.

In testimony that I claim the foregoingas my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses:

- LEVI 'MALUGEN.. Witnesses: E. HUME TALBERT,

M. J. WAnRINnR. 

